POLUAREA FONICA IN TRANSPORTUL FEROVIAR SI FEROVIAR URBAN

Autor/autori: Ing. Alexandru GATLAN

Rezumat: Uniunea Europeana are unul dintre cele mai dinamice sisteme de transport din lume, 8,2 milioane de persoane fiind angajate in sectorul de transport, 64% dintre ele lucrand in transporturile terestre. Printre principalele provocarile actuale cu care se confrunta omenirea, identificate si gestionate de Uniunea Europeana, sunt: intensificarea traficului in centrele oraselor conduce la aglomerari, congestii de trafic, intarzieri, blocaje, stres; poluarea atmosferica, ca urmare a emisiilor de gaze cu efect de sera, asociata cu incalzirea globala; poluarea fonica in continua crestere; numarul mare de accidente. Avand in vedere ca zonele urbane ale UE reprezinta aproximativ 60% din populaþie si asigura peste 85% din PIB, se impun masuri care sa conduca la cresterea calitaþii vieþii mai ales in zonele urbane. Se porneste de la definirea sistemului climatic, identificarea obiectivelor Conferintei Kyoto 1977 si influienta transportului asupra mediului-poluarii fonice.Se trateaza zgomotul ca sursa de poluare, standarde tehnice de Interoperabilitate, limite ale zgomotului pentru diverse vehicule, factor de risc pentru sanatate. Se identifica surse de poluare in transportul feroviar-feroviar urban si se identifica metode de combatere a poluarii fonice in transportul feroviar si feroviar urban.

Cuvinte cheie: transport pe sina, efecte externe, poluare fonica

Abstract: European Union has one of the most dynamic transport system in the world, 8.2 mil. persons being employed in transport sector, 64% working in terrestrial transports. Among the main actual challenges identified and managed by EU, that mankind deals with, there are: increased traffic in towns centers leads to congestion, traffic congestion, delays, bottlenecks, stress; air pollution, due to emissions of greenhouse gases, associated with global warming; noise pollution in continuous growth; increasing accident rates. Taking into consideration that EU’s urban areas represent approximately 60% of population and provides over 85% of GDP, measures that increase life quality, especially in urban areas, are required. First we define the climate system, we identify the objective of Kyoto Conference (1977) and transport influence on the environment – noise pollution. Noise is treated as a source of pollution, technical standards for interoperability, noise boundaries for certain vehicles, health risk factor. Sources of pollution in rail and road transport and methods for eliminating noise pollution in rail and road transport are identified

Keywords: rail transport, external effects, noise pollution

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