ANALIZA SISTEMELOR DE TRANSPORT DIN REGIUNEA ECONOMICA DE VEST A ROMANIEI SI A INFLUENTEI ACESTORA ASUPRA DEZVOLTARII REGIONALE

Autor/autori: Ing. Aurelian NICOLA, Conf.dr.ing. Sorin MIHAILESCU, Prof.dr.ing. Nicolae ILIAS

Rezumat: Existenta unei infrastructuri de transport adecvata reprezinta premiza oricarei dezvoltari economice sustinute. O mare parte a infrastructurii de transport din Regiunea Vest isi are originea in secolul al XVIII-lea. Este vorba despre o mostenire care a lasat numeroase urme in regiune. Infrastructura de transport existenta din Regiunea Vest este insuficient dezvoltata si, totusi, prea putin valorificata. Aceasta necesita modernizari si reabilitari la nivelul tuturor componentelor sale: rutiera, feroviara, aeriana si navala. Caracteristicile distinctive ale Regiunii Vest pe care aceasta le poseda la un nivel superior in comparatie cu alte regiuni sunt: regiunea dispune de patru aeroporturi, doua dintre ele fiind internationale; densitate ridicata a cailor ferate in regiune; regiunea este strabatuta de trei linii de cale ferata internationale; existenta a cinci drumuri europene de importanta strategica; regiunea este strabatuta de coridoare pan-europene (rutier, feroviar si fluvial); existenta a doua noi posibile cai navigabile (Canalul Bega, Mures). Oportunitatile dezvoltare, care pot genera chiar noi industrii sau domenii aditionale pentru productia si comercializarea de bunuri si servicii sunt: dezvoltarea cooperarii transfrontaliere in scopul dezvoltarii tuturor tipurilor de infrastructura; dezvoltarea in cadrul aeroporturilor internationale a terminalelor CARGO; dezvoltarea aeroportului Timisoara ca centru regional intermodal; amenajarea pentru navigare a raurilor si canalelor din regiune; electrificarea cailor ferate din regiune; modernizarea infrastructurii rutiere. In septembrie 2001 a fost inaugurat la Lipova primul birou al Centrului Regional pentru protectia mediului. Initiativa infiintarii acestui Centru le-a apartinut ungurilor si a fost determinata de inmultirea dezastrelor naturale ce au avut loc in ultimii ani in bazinul hidrografic Mures-Cris-Tisa-Dunare. Proiectul, finantat de Comunitatea Europeana, vizeaza regularizarea raurilor pentru a putea fi controlate mai usor impotriva inundatiilor. La scurt timp dupa initierea proiectului el a devenit interesant pentru mai multe tari din Europa de Est, printre care Romania, Ucraina, Slovacia si Iugoslavia. Centrul Regional isi are sediul la Szeged, in Ungaria. In proiectul de Lege pentru aprobarea Planului de Amenajare a Teritoriului National figureaza cale navigabila raul Mures de la frontiera pana la Alba Iulia. Sunt prevazute puncte de traversare cu bacul si de acostare nave de pasageri la care se vor executa lucrari de modernizare, puncte de trafic RO-RO noi, porturi la care se vor executa lucrari de modernizare, porturi noi si porturi turistice si debarcadere nave de pasageri. Cuvinte cheie: transport, dezvoltare, regiune, Romania.

Cuvinte cheie: transport, dezvoltare, regiune, Romania


Abstract: The existence of an adequate transport infrastructure is the prerequisite to any sustained economic development. Much of the transport infrastructure in the Western Region has its origins in the eighteenth century. It is a legacy that has left many traces in this region. The existing transport infrastructure is underdeveloped in the Western Region, and yet little exploited. This requires upgrading and rehabilitation of all its components: roads, rails, air and water transportation means. The Western Region displays distinctive characteristics at higher level compared to other regions: it has four airports, two of them being international airports; there is a high density of railways in the region: it is crossed by three international railway lines; there are five European roads of strategic importance; the region is crossed by the pan - European corridors (road, rail and river); there are two possible new waterways (Bega Mures canal). The opportunities for further development that can generate new industries or additional domains for the production and marketing of goods and services are the following ones: development of cross-border cooperation with the view to expanding all types of infrastructures; enlargement of CARGO terminals inside international airports; development of Timisoara airport as a regional intermodal center; arrangement of rivers and canals in the region for navigation purposes; electrification of railways in the region; upgrading of road infrastructure. In September 2001 the first office was opened in Lipova Regional Environmental Center. The initiative for this establishment belonged to the Hungarian party and was determined by multiplication of natural disasters that have occurred in recent years within the area of Mures-Tisa-Danube River hydrographic basin. The project, funded by the European Community, aims at regulating the rivers so as to be kept more easily under control when flooding. Shortly after its start, the project has become interesting for several countries in Eastern Europe, including Romania, Ukraine, Slovakia and Yugoslavia. Regional Center is located in Szeged, Hungary. The draft law for approval of the Plan for the Arrangement of the National Territory includes Mures River as waterway set from the border up to Alba Iulia. There are provided crossing points with the ferry and for the landing of passenger ships. There shall be carried out modernization operations, executed, new RO-RO traffic points, docks to which modernization operations shall be made, new docks, tourist ports and landing places for passenger ships.

Keywords: transport, development, region, Romania

 

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