BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM CELLULOSE RICH SUBSTRATES

Autor/autori: Orsolya STRANG, Zoltán BAGI, Kornél L. KOVÁCS (Ungaria)

Rezumat: Producerea de biogaz este una din tehnologiile sustenabile cu beneficiul considerabil de a fi capabila sa genereze purtatori de energie utili din diferite material brute ce au ca origine biomasa si care includ plante si reziduuri din plante. Tesuturile plantelor sunt formate din celuloza ca element principal. Celuloza reprezinta un carbohidrat polimeric pentru descompunerea caruia sunt necesare celulazele. Pentru utilizarea de substraturi cu un continut ridicat de celuloza comunitatea microbiana ce produce biogazul ar trebui sa contina un numar semnificativ de bacterii care sa produca celulazele iar acestea ar trebui sa rupa celuloza in monomeri de zaharuri usor de utilizat. A fost dezvoltata o strategie adaptativa de aclimatizare a comunitatii la substratul lignocelulozic. Experimentele au fost realizate in conditii termofile la 55°C. ?-celuloza a fost utilizata ca substrat pentru adaptare, iar fermentatoarele de control au fost alimentate cu gucoza pentru carbon si sursa de energie. Din comunitatea microbiana adaptata, au fost izolate elementele de degradare a celulozei si au fost de asemenea utilizata ca inocul in urmatorul set de experimente de producere a biogazului. Microbii cu rol de degradare a celulozei au avut un effect pozitiv prin cresterea producerii de biogaz si continut de metan.

Cuvinte cheie: biogaz, termofil, degradarea celulozei


Abstract: Biogas production is one of the sustainable technologies with the considerable benefit of being able to generate useful energy carrier from various raw materials of biomass origin including plants and plant residues. Plant tissues consist of cellulose as the major component. Cellulose is a complex polymeric carbohydrate, cellulases are needed for its efficient decomposition. For the utilization of substrates having high cellulose content the biogas producing microbial community should contain a significant number of bacteria, which produce cellulases and they should break down cellulose to easily utilizable sugar monomers. An adaptation strategy to acclimatize the community to lignocellulosic substrate has been developed. The experiments were carried out under thermophilic conditions at 55°C. ?-cellulose was used as substrate for the adaptation and the control fermentors received glucose as carbon and energy source. From the adapted microbial community cellulose degraders were isolated and were also used as inoculum in the next set of biogas experiments. The cellulose degrading microbes had positive effect, elevated the biogas and methane yield

Keywords: Biogas, Thermophilic, Cellulose degradation

 

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