MASURAREA 3D A REPERELOR COMPLEXE DIN INDUSTRIA AUTO UTILIZAND SCANARE LASER

Autor/autori: Dr. ing. Adrian-Catalin VOICU, Prof. dr. ing. Gheorghe I. GHEORGHE

Rezumat: Scanarea tridimensionala este disponibila de mai mult de 15 ani; cu toate acestea, exista cativa care au auzit de ea si putini oameni stiu aplicatiile acestei tehnologii. Scanarea 3D este, de asemenea, cunoscuta sub numele de digitizare 3D, numele provenind de la faptul ca acesta este un proces care utilizeaza un palpator de digitizare contact sau non-contact pentru a capta forma obiectelor si pentru a le recrea intr-un spatiu de lucru virtual printr-o retea foarte densa de puncte (xyz) ca o reprezentare grafica 3D. Cei mai multi producatori de automobile folosesc in prezent metrologie 3D bazata pe sisteme optice sau laser pentru a valida calitatea produselor. Piesele sunt masurate initial prin scanarea 3D, apoi acestea sunt comparate cu modelul conceput (fisier CAD) folosind un software specializat. Prin aceasta comparatie producatorul poate interveni foarte rapid in procesul de fabricatie pentru a elimina cauza defectelor, aceasta tehnica fiind numita Inginerie inversa (Reverse Engineering - RE). Precizia generala poate varia de la microni la milimetru si dimensiunea achizitionarii de la cateva puncte la mai multe mii de puncte pe secunda. Intr-o lume perfecta sau intr-un mediu de productie integrat, sisteme de masurare 3D ar trebui sa fie capabile sa masoare toti parametrii necesari intr-o singura etapa, fara erori, si sa ofere rezultatele in acelasi mod la retelele de fabricatie dotate cu calculatoare, in formate utile pentru masini de control si gestionare a proceselor.

Cuvinte cheie: scanare tridimensionala, modelare, control dimensional.

Abstract: Three-dimensional scanning is available for more than 15 years, however there are few that have heard of it and as few people know the applications of this technology. 3D scanning is also known as 3D digitizing, the name coming from the fact that this is a process that uses a contact or non-contact digitizing probe to capture the objects form and recreate them in a virtual workspace through a very dense network of points (xyz) as a 3D graph representation. Most automotive manufacturers currently use 3D metrology based on optical or laser systems to validate products quality. The pieces are initially measured by 3D scanning then they are compared with the designed model (CAD file) using a specialized software. By this comparison producer can interfere very quickly in the manufacturing process to remove the cause of defects, this technique being called Reverse Engineering (RE). The overall accuracy may vary from micron to millimeter and the acquisition’s size from a few points to several thousand points per second. In a perfect world or in an integrated production environment, 3D measuring systems should be able to measure all the necessary parameters in a single step without errors, and to render the results in the same way to the manufacturing networks equipped with computers, in formats useful for machines control and processes management

Keywords: 3D scanning, modelling, dimensional control

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